Restructuring for Large Data Bases: Three Levels of Abstraction.

@article{DBLP:journals/tods/NavatheF76,
  author    = {Shamkant B. Navathe and
               James P. Fry},
  title     = {Restructuring for Large Data Bases: Three Levels of Abstraction},
  journal   = {ACM Trans. Database Syst.},
  volume    = {1},
  number    = {2},
  year      = {1976},
  pages     = {138-158},
  ee        = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/320455.320461, db/journals/tods/NavatheF76.html},
  bibsource = {DBLP, http://dblp.uni-trier.de}
}

Abstract

The development of a powerful restructuring function involves two important components - the unambiguous specification of the restructuring operations and the realization of these operations in a software system. This paper is directed to the first component in the belief that a precise specification will provide a firm foundation for the development of restructuring algorithms and, subsequently, their implementation. The paper completely defines the semantics of the restructuring of tree structured databases.

The delineation of the restructuring function is accomplished by formulating three different levels of abstraction, with each level of abstraction representing successively more detailed semantics of the function.

At the first level of abstraction, the schema modification, three types are identified - naming, combining, and relating; these three types are further divided into eight schema operations. The second level of abstraction, the instance operations, constitutes the transformations on the data instances; they are divided into group operations such as replication, factoring, union, etc., and group relation operations such as collapsing, refinement, fusion, etc. The final level, the item value operations, includes the actual item operations, such as copy value, delete value, or create a null value.

Copyright © 1976 by the ACM, Inc., used by permission. Permission to make digital or hard copies is granted provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or direct commercial advantage, and that copies show this notice on the first page or initial screen of a display along with the full citation.

Joint ACM SIGMOD / IEEE Computer Society Anthology

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Conference Abstract

References

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E. F. Codd: A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. Commun. ACM 13(6): 377-387(1970) BibTeX

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Arthur J. Collmeyer: Implications of Data Independence on Architecture of Database Management Systems. SIGFIDET Workshop 1972: 307-321 BibTeX

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James P. Fry, David W. Jeris: Towards a Formulation and Definition of Data Reorganization. SIGMOD Workshop, Vol. 1 1974: 83-100 BibTeX

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Alan G. Merten, James P. Fry: A Data Description Language Approach to File Translation. SIGMOD Workshop, Vol. 1 1974: 191-205 BibTeX

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Michael E. Senko, Edward B. Altman, Morton M. Astrahan, P. L. Fehder: Data Structures and Accessing in Data-Base Systems. I: Evolution of Information Systems. IBM Systems Journal 12(1): 30-44(1973) BibTeX

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Michael E. Senko, Edward B. Altman, Morton M. Astrahan, P. L. Fehder: Data Structures and Accessing in Data-Base Systems. II: Information Organization. IBM Systems Journal 12(1): 45-63(1973) BibTeX

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Michael E. Senko, Edward B. Altman, Morton M. Astrahan, P. L. Fehder: Data Structures and Accessing in Data-Base Systems. III: Data Representations and the Data Independent Accessing Model. IBM Systems Journal 12(1): 64-93(1973) BibTeX

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Arie Shoshani: A Logical-Level Approach to Data Base Conversion. SIGMOD Conference 1975: 112-122 BibTeX

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Nan C. Shu, Barron C. Housel, Vincent Y. Lum: CONVERT: A High Level Translation Definition Language for Data Conversion. Commun. ACM 18(10): 557-567(1975) BibTeX

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Referenced by

1. Shamkant B. Navathe, Seong Geum, Dinesh K. Desai, Herman Lam: Conceptual Design for Non-Database Experts with an Interactive Schema Tailoring Tool. ER 1990: 3-20
2. Shamkant B. Navathe, Mahan K. Pillalamarri: OOER: Toward Making the E-R Approach Object-Oriented. ER 1988: 185-206
3. Nan C. Shu: Automatic Data Transformation and Restructuring. ICDE 1987: 173-180
4. Shamkant B. Navathe, T. Sashidhar, Ramez Elmasri: Relationship Merging in Schema Integration. VLDB 1984: 78-90
5. Ben Shneiderman, Glenn Thomas: An Architecture for Automatic Relational Database System Conversion. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 7(2): 235-257(1982)
6. Shamkant B. Navathe, Suresh G. Gadgil: A Methodology for View Inegration in Logical Database Design. VLDB 1982: 142-164
7. Stanley Y. W. Su, Herman Lam, Der Her Lo: Transformation of Data Traversals and Operations in Application Programs to Account for Semantic Changes of Databases. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 6(2): 255-294(1981)
8. D. Luo, S. Bing Yao: Form Operation By Example: A Language For Office Information Processing. SIGMOD Conference 1981: 212-223
9. Shamkant B. Navathe: Schema Analysis for Database Restructuring. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 5(2): 157-184(1980)
10. Shamkant B. Navathe: An Intuitive Approach to Normalize Network Structured Data. VLDB 1980: 350-358
11. Barron C. Housel: Pipelining: A Technique for Implementing Data Restructurers. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 4(4): 470-492(1979)
12. Gary H. Sockut, Robert P. Goldberg: Database Reorganization - Principles and Practice. ACM Comput. Surv. 11(4): 371-395(1979)
13. Maurice J. Bach, Nancy H. Coguen, Michael M. Kaplan: The ADAPT System: A Generalized Approach Towards Data Conversion. VLDB 1979: 183-193
14. Shamkant B. Navathe, Mario Schkolnick: View Representation in Logical Database Design. SIGMOD Conference 1978: 144-156
15. Nan C. Shu, Barron C. Housel, Robert W. Taylor, Sakti P. Ghosh, Vincent Y. Lum: EXPRESS: A Data EXtraction, Processing, amd REStructuring System. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 2(2): 134-174(1977)
16. James B. Rothnie Jr., Nathan Goodman: A Survey of Research and Development in Distributed Database Management. VLDB 1977: 48-62
17. Barron C. Housel: A Unified Approach to Program and Data Conversion. VLDB 1977: 327-336
18. Donald Swartwout: An Access Path Specification Language for Restructuring Network Databases. SIGMOD Conference 1977: 88-101
19. James P. Fry, Edgar H. Sibley: Evolution of Data-Base Management Systems. ACM Comput. Surv. 8(1): 7-42(1976)